Dynamo-electric machine



W, A. TURBAYNE DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31, 1916. RENEWED MAIL 16.1922.

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DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHWE, APPLICATION FlLED MAR. 31, 1916. RENEWED MAR. 16,1922.

1,434,974, 7 I Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

3-SHEETSSHEET 2.

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1,434,974, Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

starter and generator with a high weight ethciency.

ll. further object is to provide an inher ently regulated generator of high eilicieney which has also high eiiiciency as a motor.

Other objects will be apparent from the description which. follows:

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 represents tour pole dynamoelectric machine with conventional symbols representing the relative directions of current flow therein when said machine is operating as a motor.

Figure 9. is a development of the armature of the machine illustrated in Figure 1. illustrating the direction of current flow when said machine is operating as a motor.

Figure 3 represents the same machine represented in Figure l but indicating conditions when said machine is operating: as a generator.

.l igure lis a development similar to ure 2., but showing conditions when said machine is operating as a enerator.

. 1* igures 5 and b are simplined wiring diagrams showing the connections for starting and generating, respectively.

Figure 7 is a wiring diagram of a starting and lighting system according to the present invention.

The dynaino-eiectric machine is represented by the numeral 1. Said machine is shown as being, provided with a rotatable armature 2. which may be niechai'iicaliy connectei'l in any suitable manner with internal conibustion engine, not shown. Said dynamoelectric machine '1 is shown as being provided with tour field poles. 2-3. 4, 5 and provided with field windings 7. 5i. 9 and 10 respectively. l' hen the machine is operatin; as a motor. all four field windings. 7.

Hill and ii) are connected in circuit. whereas \l'llPU iLllP machine is operating as a gen erator. 8 and 10 will be cut outt'or reasons to be pointed out hereinafter.

The armature 2 is provided with a coininutator llhaving brushes 1?. 13, 1e and '15 hearing thereon. The armature winding is placed in slots spaced 120 electrical dc grees apart relative to the generator poles. which windinm l. have tounihis equally etlectire when driven in either a tour pol e held or a two pole field with suitably designed iicld poles. l l ith the number oi poles illustrated in the drawings. it will be clear that the ratio between the armature pitch and the pitch between the main generating poles 3 and 5 is equal to 120/180 or 2/3. lVith reference to all four poles illustrated. this ratio will be equal to 120/90 or 4/3. This ratio, l have discovered. between armature pitch and field pole pitch gives the best results for operation in both bipolar and tour pole fields. This ratio is to be maintained according to the present in 'en' tion, gardless of the fact that the invention contemplates a dynamo-electric machine having multiples of the number of poles illustrated.

Referring now to Figure 7, in which the wiring diagram of the starting and lighting system is illustrated, the armature is shown in operative relation to a storage battery 1. across which may be connected a lighting circuit 17. Between the armature 2 and the battery 16 is an automatic switch 18, which may be of any preferred construction. It is designed to close and remain closed as long the dynamo-electric machine is 0pcrative to develop a predetermined voltage. Also arranged in circuit between the dynamo-electric machine and the battery is a starting switch 19. biased to its lowermost position. T his biased position is the running position. in such position the switch 19 connects contacts 20 and 21. completing circuit from brush 12 to one side of the au tomatic switch, whence circuit may be completed through the automatic switch 18 and battery 16 to the brush 14:. When said switch 19 is moved upwardly against the tension of its spring. it will connect. contacts 9.3 and 24. Mounted to more with switch. 19 is switch 25, which in its uppermost position will connect contacts 26 and 27. When switch 19 is moved to its uppermost posii tion. thereiore. brushes 12 and 1.4 will be connected directly together, while brushes 13 and 15 will be connected through windings and 10. Furthermore. one terminal of the battery will be connected through windings 8 and 10 to brushes 13' and 15 respectively.

in operation. when it is desired to operate the dynamo-electric machine as a motor to start the e, mine. the operator will press the switch :9 to its uppern'iost position. establishing the connections illustrated, in Figure 5. (u went leaving the positive battery terminal will divide. one half trav ersing winding 10 to brush 1:) and the other half traversing: winding 8 to brush 1P5.

Poles 6 and i. excited by windings 10 and 8 will be of, like polarity, indicated as South. A certain amount of current will flow through the shunt winding: 7 to the negative brush 12 and a certain amount through the shunt winding 9 to the negative brush l4.

l oles 3 and excited by windings land 9.

.will be of like polarity. indicated as Xorth.

There are therefore produced alternate poles of opposite polarity. Battery current will also circulate in the armature conductors in the direction indicated in Figures 1 and 2. liv reason of the low resistance of the torque.

circuits the machlne wll develop a high' lhe low armature resistance. as is apparent from the drawing. is due to the fact that under motoring conditions current has four parallel paths through the arma-j series windings w iereby said first set at field poles become regulation poles to lflduce a counter eleetro-niotire l'oree aeross certain of said brushes.

7. in combination a il naIno-eleetrir our rhino having a single armatura and a single eon'imiitator a set of field poles earryingz windings, a second set of field poles earr w in}: windings, the poles of one set being: ar 'anged alternately with those of the other set. a pair of brushes bearing on said rammntator l'or earl; t of windinga said field poles being" adapted to supply flux oi alternate polarities to produre a high torque under motoring ronditions. ronnertious between the windin sol'dne set and ol the windings of said other se'l and means for open eirrnitiing the windings rarried b said first sel ol' field poles. wherehy said first set of iield poles heroine regnlaiing poles to indnro a eonnl'er elertroauolire l'oree, aeross one oi said pairs oi brushes.

ln eoznbinatiim. a ll i'iilllll()-(l( 'tI'll" niaohine having a singh: arznalurr and a singlieonninutalorsaid armature being: provided with eondueiors, a pair of lielil poles re spoetirrvly provided with windingru, a storage battery. means For connerl'ing one ol' said windings and part of said armature eonductors arross said battery said m ans also serving to (-onneet the other oi aid windings and the remainder o'l said armature rondnetors aeross said battery. a seeond pair of field poles provided with windinga all oi said windings eo-operatingz' to produee poles of alternate polarities under Illfiifil'lilfj conditions'. a plurality of brushes. eaeh of said windings beii'ipj eonnerled to said armature through a. brusln said means also serril'ig to eonnert all said armature eondurtors in parallel paths 21(2'0HH said battery and to open eireuit said iii'si mention d windings whereby the armature rross flux may set up a rounier 1l(!('tl()-i1l()il\ loree arross rertain. ol said brushes for regulating: purposes.

9. A dynaInoel rtrir niar-hine provided with two sets of pole pieres and two sets f brushes rorrespondinn lherelo. serios wind logs on one se'l of pole pieees and shunt windings ronneried aeross eerlain of said brushes on the olher set ol pole pieeesg said two sets ol' pole pier-es ro-operalinn: to pro-- dnre a slrong'i' lield l'or motoring purposes and whereby .en Said series windings are open eirruited said first set of pole pier-es may aid armature reaetion ior n'ulating purposes under gene 'ating' oondiliiona 10. i l niultipolar ilynainorlerlirie marhine having ad arent pole-r of opposite polarity and exciting cirruits for said poles, said we brushe poles (so-operating to produce a strong field under motoring conditions, combined means for killing the exciting circuits of altern 'ti: poles and changing circuits of the remaining polo pieces to render thorn alteruale in polarity, wl'lo'eby said alternate poles may aid armature reaction for latifiz l llll'llUSljf'ill. in lUl'lllllllil t lfiiil, inarhine baring spaced l'l'ijli a tlyi'ianio-eleotrl:

l poles ol, li.

polar ya other so field poles ot the 0pr of said posite polarity loeated interniei'l first mentioned poles, ext-itin ;;r circuits said poles. an armature provided with oonduriiors. and means tor controlling the exciting rirruit of said first nlontii'n'led field poles and for determining whether said armature eonduetors shall be connected n four pa!" allel rircuits or in two parallel eirenits.

A dynamo-e]eetric machine adapted operate either as a motor or as a genera tor. said n'iaizhine having a plurality oft pole pier-es adapted to be excited to QlVB alternate north and south poles when said nun rhine is one atingr as a motor, means for catting'out the excitation of some, of said polepieres whereby only alternato pole pies-Ls are exrited when operating a generator and whereby the intermediate pole pieces art as unwound poles for regulating purposes; szlld machine having an armatnlo prerided with w indin rs of a pitch of appro niaiel v 12d olertrieal degrees relative to said ,fii'llli'zll'illfj pole pieces.

iii. fl rlynanio-electric machine adapted to operate either as motor or a generator, said inarhine having a plurality of pole pieees adapted to be, excited to give alternate north and south poleswhen said may ('llllli is operating a a motor, means for cutpole ling out the excitation of alternate pieees oi the same polarities, whereby said alternate pole pieces act as unwound poles when said u'iaehine is one ating as a generator, said maehine having a armature provided with windings of a pitch oi approxinatel l2 elertriral degrees relative to the remaining e'xrited pole pieees.

1%. An inherently regulated gene l provided with main poles and regulating 0" d poles. said regulating poles being pr 'iclo with wi idings adapted to be eonneeteu in rireuil' when said generator is operated as a motor and an armature provided with a windin; ot' amiroxiniatoly electrical den'ree pitch, relative to said main poles an means for nullitying said windings durintlie peri ormanre oiflzonorating 'lnnctionsl 15. [in inherently regulated generator having: main poles and regulating poles, said regulating poles beingprovided with windings adapted to be connected in circuit when said gei'ierator is operated as a mot-or to provide a succession 0t poles of alternate polarities, an armature having a winding t. 11.; acmss sand she,

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nnections, mt-h the mmn polas. be as fihe armature speed 1116166 189;

cunditions etriaal e1 has in rue regulam rushes 1n hm with t 0 s, windings 0 force Wili be syxm 1 11. 1 (15 1g pole generatin Whereunder electra-nw gpgulatmfl brushes to reduce the pmbi' azziz, and 71 4 him-v i an armutu e with 2x g a coil A com 6111" circuits to provide an 1019 with i genaratsr pitch 21p rovi led for selectively pole f the pitch of 5 Cb 09111;; p

, main polar. iyuuno-electnc 111 an m 0 citing:

equal t 15 p0 Quit", and means said (5:; motor er -n/5 mediate. regulating p0 e n12; china ztric machine lmvin "/1, armature a suwle field yoles and Wmdmg h T8 Wmdi Y poles, the Q means Hz, Smd

aid ching machine an 91/? mediate yeguhlfing; the pzaths. uc'hine h'z xvi 11 wk approximately sald fie atwe armature lead throng aths and. swlt uime connectin 3 21171116 1 f atin 1 P e plbch 0i rtuin o m eim an Saki ring

fie same i 0e them regul at :1 positive am.

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